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Mariano
Asked: 2020-04-11 11:18:03 +0800 CST 2020-04-11 11:18:03 +0800 CST

Remove diacritics in JavaScript. Remove tildes (spelling accents), tildes, umlauts, cedillas

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Context. I try to eliminate the tildes (spelling accents) and tildes, to compare 2 words. I did the function:

let sinDiacriticos = (function(){
    let de = 'ÁÃÀÄÂÉËÈÊÍÏÌÎÓÖÒÔÚÜÙÛÑÇáãàäâéëèêíïìîóöòôúüùûñç',
         a = 'AAAAAEEEEIIIIOOOOUUUUNCaaaaaeeeeiiiioooouuuunc',
        re = new RegExp('['+de+']' , 'ug');

    return texto =>
        texto.replace(
            re, 
            match => a.charAt(de.indexOf(match))
        );
})();


let prue = 'Épico año de mal agüero, sólo Óscar y Ángel ganarán ésta. -Ímpetú Úrsula. ¡Ñañdú corre rápido por ahí!';
console.log(sinDiacriticos(prue));
    // ->   Epico ano de mal aguero, solo Oscar y Angel ganaran esta. -Impetu Ursula. ¡Nandu corre rapido por ahi!

**Question 1.** Is there a direct way to replace **any [diacritic][1]** without the need to manually generate a replacement map? I am interested in covering the diacritical marks of any language.

Question 2. Bearing in mind that in Spanish la ñis a different letter from n, can diacritics be eliminated except if it is a ñ?
* Question asked by blonfu in comments

javascript

1 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    Since ECMAScript 6 (2015), String.prototype.normalize() can be used to bring up the decomposed form of normalization in Unicode (see compatibility ).

    This means that a character ( actually a "code point" ) can be broken down into its base character equivalence, followed by its marks. For example:


    Source -> NFDNFC

    Both forms are equivalent and print the same.


    In the NFD form , the diacritics are different code points (~characters).
    And the important thing is that all the diacritical marks are in the range U+0300-U+036F .


    Code (for all languages)

    Leads to the decomposed form, and removes the Combining Diacritical Marks block .

    // Elimina los diacríticos de un texto (ES6)
//
function eliminarDiacriticos(texto) {
    return texto.normalize('NFD').replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g,"");
}


    Tests:

    // Elimina los diacríticos de un texto (ES6)
//
function eliminarDiacriticos(texto) {
    return texto.normalize('NFD').replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g,"");
}


//  Prueba

function mostrarSinDiacriticos(inp){
    document.getElementById('muestra')
        .innerText = eliminarDiacriticos(inp.value);
}

mostrarSinDiacriticos(texto);
    Texto:
<input id="texto" oninput="mostrarSinDiacriticos(this)" style="width:100%" value="áéíóúñüÁÉÍÓÚÑÜ">
Sin Diacríticos:
<div id="muestra" />


    Diacritics except in la ñ(Spanish only)

    1. We can remove only the accents on vowels or the umlaut on the ü.
      We decompose, we eliminate the diacritics exclusively from áéíóúüand we compose again:

      texto.normalize('NFD')
     .replace(/([aeio])\u0301|(u)[\u0301\u0308]/gi,"$1$2")
     .normalize();


    1. Or we can remove any diacritic (for any language) except if it's a ñ:

      // Elimina los diacríticos de un texto excepto si es una "ñ" (ES6)
//
function eliminarDiacriticosEs(texto) {
    return texto
           .normalize('NFD')
           .replace(/([^n\u0300-\u036f]|n(?!\u0303(?![\u0300-\u036f])))[\u0300-\u036f]+/gi,"$1")
           .normalize();
}


      Tests:

      // Elimina los diacríticos de un texto excepto si es una "ñ" (ES6)
//
function eliminarDiacriticosEs(texto) {
    return texto
           .normalize('NFD')
           .replace(/([^n\u0300-\u036f]|n(?!\u0303(?![\u0300-\u036f])))[\u0300-\u036f]+/gi,"$1")
           .normalize();
}


//  Prueba

function mostrarSinDiacriticos(inp){
    document.getElementById('muestra')
        .innerText = eliminarDiacriticosEs(inp.value);
}

mostrarSinDiacriticos(texto);
      Texto:
<input id="texto" oninput="mostrarSinDiacriticos(this)" style="width:100%" value="áéíóúñüÁÉÍÓÚÑÜ">
Sin Diacríticos:
<div id="muestra" />

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