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Accepted
Kenny Barrera
Asked: 2022-01-28 19:58:00 +0800 CST 2022-01-28 19:58:00 +0800 CST

How can I define the relationship between user and user type in Laravel?

  • 772

I am using my own tables and models for user registration. The goal is that each user can have their user type information. It sounds very simple. For the purposes of the question, I will only show the necessary code.

my model userlooks like this

class User extends Model implements AuthenticatableContract, AuthorizableContract
{
    use Authenticatable, Authorizable;

    protected $fillable = [
        'token',
        'active',
    ];

    protected $hidden = [
        'password',
    ];

    /**
     * Get the Person record associated with the user.
     */
    public function person()
    {
        return $this->hasOne(Person::class, 'id');
    }

    /**
     * Get the User Type record associated with the user.
     */ 
    public function type()
    {
        return $this->hasOne(Type::class, 'id');
    }
}

My model Typeis even simpler at the moment:

class Type extends Model implements AuthenticatableContract, AuthorizableContract
{
    use Authenticatable, Authorizable;

    protected $fillable = [
        'name',
    ];

    protected $hidden = [ ];

    /**
     * Get the User Type record associated with the user.
     */ 
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }
}

In one of my controllers, I am sending the information of all users in this way:

public function showAllUsers(Request $request)
    {
        $users = User::orderBy('id', 'asc')->with('person', 'type')->where('active', 'yes')->get();

        return response()->json($users, 200);
    }

And the result I get is strange:

[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "token": "userUniqueToken",
        "active": "yes",
        "persons_id": 3,
        "types_id": 1,
        "images_id": null,
        "created_at": "2021-01-27T06:58:04.000000Z",
        "updated_at": "2021-01-27T06:58:04.000000Z",
        "person": {
            "id": 1,
            "name": "Kenny",
            "lastname": "",
            "phone1": "35555555",
            "phone2": "",
            "email": "[email protected]",
            "created_at": "2021-01-27T06:56:31.000000Z",
            "updated_at": "2021-01-27T06:56:31.000000Z"
        },
        "type": {
            "id": 1,
            "name": "Empleado",
            "created_at": null,
            "updated_at": null
        }
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "token": "userUniqueToken",
        "active": "yes",
        "persons_id": 4,
        "types_id": 1,
        "images_id": null,
        "created_at": "2021-01-27T07:00:11.000000Z",
        "updated_at": "2021-01-27T07:00:11.000000Z",
        "person": {
            "id": 2,
            "name": "Josue",
            "lastname": "",
            "phone1": "35555555",
            "phone2": "",
            "email": "[email protected]",
            "created_at": "2021-01-27T06:57:33.000000Z",
            "updated_at": "2021-01-27T06:57:33.000000Z"
        },
        "type": null
    }
]

If I put two, three or four records, only the first one brings all the information of the type of user. Why from the second record the object typecomes empty?

laravel

1 Answers

  1. Best Answer

    According to what I see in your models, the relationships are wrong, before explaining why, let's see the tables and their fields that you currently have:

    1. user: id, token, active, persons_id, types_id, images_id, timestamps
    2. person: id, name, lastname, phone1, phone2, email, timestamps
    3. type: id, name, timestamps

    Now the reason:

    1. User Model: You are making 2 hasOne(person-type) relationships. That means, starting with person, in theory there should be a field user_idfor the same relationship " hasOne", but as we see in your table, the relationship is person->user, because in your table userthere is a field called persons_id. With this in mind, the correct relationship form in your model would be:
    public function person()
{
   return $this->belongsTo(Person::class, 'person_id');
}
public function type()
{
   return $this->belongsTo(Type::class, 'types_id');
}

    Also with typethe aforementioned

    1. Model Type: You are making a relationship belongsTo, to your model user, that means that in theory, it is related as user->type, but as we see in your table, the relationship is different type->userbecause in your table userthere is a field type_id, for this reason the correct relationship would behasOne
    public function user()
{
   return $this->hasOne(User::class, 'id');
}

    Now, why does it work for you if it is not correctly related?

    • The answer is simple, because in the relations you make, you are indicating that the relational key is id, which is the primary key in your tables and that is where Laravel sets it. That's why in your results, the first record of userhas as a field "persons_id": 3,but in the relation of personhas "person": {"id": 1}. Because the primary id of useris "1" and of personis "1"
    • 2