Call abstract method from parent class in PHP (this, self and static)

How can I correctly call the implementation of an abstract function from the parent class? The problem is that I don't quite understand staticand I don't know if I should do it with staticor $this.

<?php
abstract class ParentClass{
    abstract protected function createArray();

    public function printArray(){
        // ACA LLAMO A MI FUNCIÓN ABSTRACTA
        // OPCIÓN 1
        print_r(static::createArray());
        // OPCIÓN 2
        print_r($this->createArray());
    }
} 

class ChildClass extends ParentClass{
    protected function createArray(){
        return [1,2,3,4];
    }
}

$c = new ChildClass();

$c->printArray();

I understand the following, you can correct me if I'm wrong.

self: It refers to the same class at runtime where the word is written, so if I call the abstract function with in my parent class, selfit will give me an error, since it will call its definition.

$this: It refers to the instance of the object, in this case the instance will already have the implementation of the method and that is why it will work.

From what I've read I staticprefer the instantiated class, in this case the child and that's why it works.

Can anyone give me a simple answer of what it really is static?

staticand are $thisthey the same? if not the same... How are they different?

Finally I have noticed that with staticyou can call static properties and methods, while with $thisnot.