It turns out that I need to hide some text but only on the mobile version, I would like it to be visible on the desktop version only. It is that in the desktop version the text can be placed thanks to the higher resolution, but in the mobile version I have to place it below and it takes up too much space.
I don't know if Googlebot (or other search engines) takes into account all these things, or only what is shown on the desktop version
Would it be detrimental to the SEO of the page? Thank you very much.
I think it shouldn't affect it at all because the text is really there, only when you load it on a device of certain dimensions it just doesn't show up, that is if the responsive has been programmed in only one version of the page.
If it would hurt SEO if you had two different pages, one for mobile version and one for desktop version.
I hope you correct me if I'm wrong, greetings.
Google is not going to penalize you for using different styles and responsive design. In fact, this type of design is recommended by Google and they will not penalize you for using it, it would not make sense for them to recommend it and then punish you for using it.
The search engine crawler will read the content of your page in HTML, process your JavaScript and CSS (maybe not even that, although Google does) and detect the hidden text... but it will also detect that that text is visible in some cases and the page will not be penalized.
Now, I really wouldn't make a big deal out of this. As it is said in the basic principles of Google for webmasters : make your page for users, not for search engines. Google is full of smart people, the crawler will know the difference between hidden content that tries to trick them and responsive/adaptive design.